Causes of accidents
Accident causation
The cause is that which causes the incident, which is a potential accident if you harm.
Call time to all relevant circumstances or facts that favor the cause.
The requirements are the preconditions necessary for the cause occurs.
The theory of causation, establishing a clear set of ideas about how accidents occur:
• Every accident has a natural cause: that is, a cause that is explained naturally.
• In most accidents there is more of a cause: it is rare that an accident occurs due to a single cause, usually a set of causes converge to empty into the accident.
• Not all causes are the same: we distinguish between primary and secondary causes.
Thus, any accident is explained by a sequence of natural causes.
For example, welding operator? Gets tired and rests on a drum clamp? the clamp touches the drum and is capable of drilling the surface? the drum is unburned fuel? may be that the explosion occurs fuel? the explosion may affect the operator.
causes
The causes come set by both the medium and by the individual, so that we can distinguish:
• Environmental causes: they are unique to the area or work environment, characterized by the interactions of the worker due to the work environment. Among the distinguished environmental causes:
or causes of the physical environment: particularly those surrounding the employee even without interaction with the environment.
- Temperature: for example, can cause overheating sweating instrument makes a slip in his hand.
- Humidity: can affect the processes that we have at stake, or give rise to such a slick work surface.
- Ventilation: ventilation is defective, leading to flawed atmospheres.
- Lighting:
• Lack of light generates a high possibility of accidents.
• Excess of light creates highlights and impairs vision.
- Excessive noise: organic causes discomfort and hinders communications.
-Pollutant chemicals, mainly from the gas, give rise to:
• Toxicity
• If you are solid particles or colored substances difficult to see
or because of work:
“Hours of work: workers are more sensitive and susceptible to injury at certain times, usually at first and last hour of the day at the beginning and end of the workweek and in the winter months.
- Shift work: there are problems of communication between different shifts.
- Work piece:
- The machines are machines that do not help much to the operator (hidden controls, poor position of the operator from the machine …
- Work if: there are jobs that lead to more accidents than other
- Comfort at work: the position of the operator on the job and the hassle of environmental, (not the same being in an office, than cleaning an oven that is hot.)
- Be careful at work: jobs that require attention are more prone to accidents, because the brain is “off” at any given time.
• Causes due to the individual: they are difficult to pin wedges, are subjective, as derived from the individual. We distinguish two types of causes:
or primary causes:
- Lack of learning: can be produced by two basic problems:
• Training is inadequate:
• The individual has no capacity to acquire appropriate training:
- Maladjustment: sometimes, the individual fails to adapt to the activity, for example, a worker who is accustomed to a particular time and must begin to work shifts.
- Lack of maturity: it is a maturity to the job, to the employment relationship.
or secondary causes:
- Shortage of hierarchical relationships: This creates problems because it outlines the roles of individual workers and not properly mark out the responsibilities and agencies in making decisions.
- Lack of definition of responsibilities when a worker joins a job, remember to specify which is both his work and the responsibilities involved
-Excessive working hours: it is a subjective concept, marked by fatigue. Not everyone gets tired or time for the same job for the same type of functions.
- Monotonous, repetitive work: The person mechanized, not paying attention to what he does and gets lost. The work should be somewhat repetitive, but not routine, it is good that the worker know your sequence, but never bored.
- Value of the individual with others, your family, your food …
- Personality Disorders: unstable people who move from one degree of optimism to a degree of pessimism easily. Any adverse effects can hurt a lot.
- Relationship problems: this is very relative, since it only becomes important if the performance of work, there is an interrelationship with other partners.
• Special causes: could be considered within the human causes, but are sometimes considered separately.
or rehabilitation work: when the worker has been low and has to undergo rehabilitation, you have to go step by step.
or Overtime: they generate fatigue, and therefore a higher level of accidents
or Readiness: there may be certain individuals who are predisposed to accidents for several reasons:
- Clumsiness hearing
- Visual impairment
- Intellectual deficiency.
The specific monitoring standards that accidents usually happen is by fault tree techniques:
The classical system consists of the following: After an accident investigation is done and work with a tree of causes to be constructed in retrospect, after the accident, and performing an analysis step that allows us to establish the cause first of it, after determining the root cause, we must establish a new rule that prevents a worker near her.
In the current system, the procedure is as follows:
• Before the crash: It’s hard to know if the accident will happen or not, so these studies are fundamentally probabilistic. Within these two previous studies are fundamental
or tree failures and mistakes: it is typical of the chemical industry. It is used in the study of accidents very complex, very important and very dangerous. We studied all the points that are likely to fail to reach the final of the accident.
or Tree of events: it is complementary to the previous method in which searches all the failures that could result from a particular incident.
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Cause Accidents | Akbar Uciha, 22 Jul 10